Civil Rights in the United States - 1282 Words

Pieces of the People’s Puzzle In total there are fifteen laws that count towards the topic of civil rights in the United States, alone. Kenji Yoshino, author of â€Å"The New Civil Rights† says that in order for us to turn our current beliefs into a set of ‘new’ civil rights, law must play a role. Obvious enough, law alone cannot bring about a new set of civil rights. There are more than enough pieces that could make up this puzzle. For instance, media plays a huge role in this situation. The media only shows what they want us, the people, to see. If we only see what they want us to see then wouldn’t that leave us very narrow-minded? The media adds irrelevant detail to every situation. For example, a person’s race, which otherwise†¦show more content†¦to push the negativities of inequalities in America. I could say â€Å"Racism is wrong† but unless I do something about it and spread word on why racism is wrong, civil rights activism won’t go anywhe re. The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines covering as an object or substance that goes over or on top of something especially in order to hide or protect it. Kenji Yoshino donates a more philosophical definition which is also geared towards the topic at hand. He states that covering is â€Å"to tone down a disfavored identity to fit into the mainstream (479).† People should be able to show their true selves to the public. Then, there are people who just can’t show their true identity and they are covering to live. For example, Middle-Eastern women cover their whole bodies in an effort to abide laws or be killed. In a less literal sense, in such a judge-mental society there are millions of homosexuals hiding their true identity for fear of being bashed in public. â€Å"Your commitment is to help people ‘be themselves’ – to resist demands to conform that take away their ability to be the individuals they are. But the covering idea could perpetuate t he stereotypes you want to eliminate (Yoshino 485).† In other words, covering is wrong and we know this so we want to give a helping hand. But, by helping out and showing gays or blacks that it’s okay to act in the manner they really want to act will do no good. As a final verdict in the strife forShow MoreRelatedThe Civil Rights Of The United States Essay1653 Words   |  7 PagesThe United states has been called the, â€Å"Land of The Free† since its independence was won from Great Britain, however, until 1965 â€Å"Free† only applied to a select demographic, white, land owning males. The most largely discriminated demographic before 1996 and somewhat even so today is the African American population. In 1619 the first African American slaves were introduced into the colony of Jamestown, Virginia 1. Then after many years and revolts, in 1831 slavery was finally abolished and all freedRead MoreThe Civil Rights Of The United States951 Words   |  4 PagesCivil rights have been a big issue throughout American history. From the time America was formed, groups have been discriminated against due to their ethnicity, religion, and race. Slaves were not considered American so they did not have rights. They did not become American c itizens until the Fourteenth Amendment was passed in 1868. Still, African Americans still did not have as many rights as other groups. Almost a century after the Fourteenth Amendment was enacted, African Americans were stillRead MoreThe Civil Rights Of The United States902 Words   |  4 PagesJury duty is a constitutional and fundamental right guaranteed to American citizens. Jury service is a way for citizens to directly participate in the judicial system. Jury duty and jury trials have been around for so long that people take it for granted. The jury was one of the factors that caused the American Revolution because the English common law system did not allow alleged criminals to have the sixth amendment rights that the United States has today. In fact, The Declaration of IndependenceRead MoreThe Civil Rights Of The United States2011 Words   |  9 Pagesdifficult part about it was, as time went by, people were given more rights and were unjustly discriminated because of the pa st. This has happened in many cases throughout our countries history. Civil rights are a big part of our society and the past shows many ways that the civil rights of the citizens were taken from. In Unit 2 of the course, we learned three different ways the government can discriminate the people of the United States and the meticulous process it takes the government to discriminateRead MoreThe Civil Rights Of The United States2348 Words   |  10 Pagessegregated. African Americans insisted on receiving their rights. In this essay, I will be analyzing all the main factors, and explaining why I think that the Supreme Court was responsible for the improving status of black people in the United States in the years 1945-1965. The Federal Government plays a role in improving the status of African Americans. Truman was the initial president since Abraham Lincoln to attend to the civil rights issue who affected African Americans. As a young man, TrumanRead MoreThe United States Civil Rights3535 Words   |  15 Pages When citizens of society break federal and state laws they face a punishment known as â€Å" jail† or â€Å" prison†, which purpose is to not only to serve as a punishment but to also act as a program designed to help convicts enter back in to the society as a better person. As citizens of the United States we have civil rights granted to us from the U.S. Constitution that are not meant to just be taken away from us whenever the correctional system feels like it. Many people believe that once a person isRead MoreThe Civil Rights Of The United States891 Words   |  4 Pagesspeaker for the Salazar Vs. Buono case was lead justice, John Roberts. He was born in Buffalo, New York as a religious catholic that took interest in law. Roberts was a graduated from Harva rd Law School who went on to became the Chief Justice of the United States in 2005. However, In 2003 John Roberts was the lead justice of the Supreme court who read the final decision for the Salazar Vs. Buono case. The final decision ruled in favor of Salazar stating that the cross did no longer violate the First AmendmentRead MoreThe Civil Rights Era Of The United States1141 Words   |  5 Pagesis mightier than the mightiest weapon of destruction devised by the ingenuity of man.† (Gandhi). The Civil Rights era was filled with a slew of various protests attempting to bring equality to the African American race in the United States. During this period in history, African American people of all social classes and places across the country were racially oppressed and were denied basic rights that were available to their Caucasian counterparts. People began to protest this oppression and decidedRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Of The United States1668 Words   |  7 PagesTh e civil rights movement in the USA in the 1950’s and 1960’s.can be termed as a democratic movement. The basic reason behind this was the discrimination of the African-Americans that were enslaved and did not have citizen rights. The African-Americans protested greatly against their injustice. The birth of the civil rights movement was before the 1954 Supreme Court’s decision on Brown versus Board of Education (Topeka) which stated that separate but equal schools was against the Constitution. FromRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Of The United States1157 Words   |  5 PagesAnd by virtue of the power and for the purpose of the aforesaid, I do order and declare that all persons held as slaves within said designated States and parts of States are and henceforward shall be free; and that the Executive government of the United States, including the military and naval authorities thereof, will recognize and maintain the freedom of said persons.† (CITE TEXT) I t took just over 100 years for African-Americans to achieve the dream that Abraham Lincoln envisioned nearly a century

Women s Self Esteem And Body Image Struggles - 1580 Words

The United States of America has always had this ideal of what the perfect women should look like in today’s world has this idea that being the perfect women is the most essential inquiry in today’s world. Photographers in the fashion industry spend hours and hours editing pictures, taking off beauty marks, shrinking curves, and taking away women’s flaws, changing their looks to the ideal body we all have in our minds, completely flawless. There’s this stereotype of the white perfect girl having a slim figure, no curves, crystal clear blue eyes, ravishing silky long wavy hair, and sculptured cheekbones. This is the main reason why women have self-esteem and body image struggles. They look around at today’s supermodels and start question their true identity and if they’re enough. Eating disorders start rising from here; females try to reach a certain number in the scale and look up to a model so much that they try to copy their body figure and starve themselves until they reach that goal. Weight loss, vitamins to lose weight, diet pill and plans, and many more of these are turning into commercials streaming on TV worldwide. The rate of eating disorders has been rising since 1950 and 69% of elementary school girls that read and look at magazines have reported that these pictures do influence how they feel about their body and their ideal body image while 47% of them said these pictures make them want to lose weight and indulge in a weight loss plan. (Martin) Your identity alsoShow MoreRelatedWomen s Impact On Young Girls And Adult Women1438 Words   |  6 Pageson young girls and adult women. Many people think that having insecurities is just a phase that every young teen goes through that will eventually turn into confidence, but that isn’t always the case. Many women struggle daily with the way their appearances and even try to seek for approval as a way to boost their confidence. In today’s society, maj ority of young adults especially women are constantly on social media, looking through photos of women with the perfect body shapes and having the idealRead MoreYou re Not The Ideal Body Image, Who The Fuck Cares? Essay1736 Words   |  7 PagesYou’re Not the Ideal Body Image, Who The Fuck Cares? More than one-half of girls and one-third of boys as young as six think that they need to be thinner, and about one-quarter of children as young as seven have engaged in some sort of dieting behavior. Body image is a social issue know around the world, like eating disorders, it is seen most commonly in women, but many men also suffer from the disorder. Family life can sometimes influence our body image. Some parents or coaches might be too focusedRead MoreSocial Media s Effect On A Young Woman s Body Image1298 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Media’s Effect on a Young Woman’s Body Image Social media has become a pastime that consumes hours and hours of so many lives today. Most all women have been impacted in some kind of way by Facebook, Snapchat, Instagram and Twitter because they are using it on a daily basis. Some of these women do not even realize how much they have been negatively impacted by using social media. People see information posted that they would not have known if it were not for social media. SometimesRead MoreLove Yourself, There’s No One Better1294 Words   |  6 PagesMarilyn Monroe once said, â€Å"Wanting to be someone else is a waste of the person you are.† Self-esteem is a big controversial issue in our country today. Self-esteem is the confidence in one’s own worth or abilities. Carl Rodgers was the first psychologist to study the benefits of self-esteem. The self-esteem movement began around 1969 and there was a big push when the ‘me’ generation began in 1985 (Stephenson, 2004). Parents and tea chers began to praise kids instead of punish them and to teach themRead MoreGender Inequality Around The World1437 Words   |  6 PagesInequality Around the World In his book Half the Sky: Turning Oppression into Opportunity for Women Worldwide, Nicholas D. Kristof said, â€Å"In the nineteenth century, the central moral challenge was slavery. In the twentieth century, it was the battle against totalitarianism. We believe that in this century the paramount moral challenge will be the struggle for gender equality around the world†. Although women have made great strides in gaining equality, females around the world are not treated as equalsRead MoreBody Image Has Changed Throughout The Years1254 Words   |  6 PagesBody image has changed throughout the years. The feeling that you have to have this perfect body has grown. Body image is an issue in today’s society especially through the media outlets. What is body image? Body image is what one sees about themselves. What you imagine their appearance to be. This could include their weight or height. Most importantly it is how one feels about themselves. Do they feel happy with what they see? Maybe they feel sad with they see. Roughly 91 percent of women are notRead MoreBody Modification for Cultural Adaptation? Essay1277 Words   |  6 Pageslook like to have the ideal body? An increasing number of women ask themselves this question many times in their lives. Deborah Sullivan’s essay, â€Å"Social Bodies: Tightening the Bonds of Beauty†, discloses the different cultural traditions that require various methods of body modifications. Women should undergo such modifications to obtain social acceptance. Similarly, â€Å"Pressures to Conform† by Celia Milne discusses the effects of media and society on women, and how women view their physical appearanceRead MoreEffects Of The White Standards Of Beauty On African Am erican Women923 Words   |  4 PagesAfrican American women by questioning the societal definitions of beauty, body image, and hair. (Patton, 2006, p. 24) The societal stereotype is that African American women struggle to measure up to the normative standard. Two theoretical structures guide the analysis of beauty standards such as Afrocentric theory and standpoint theory. The researcher use many examples to explain each theory with factual information which backs up his argument on the defined standards of White European women standardsRead MoreThe Image Of Plastic Surgery Essay1396 Words   |  6 Pagesmainstream media. The image of seemingly perfect celebrities and stars are heavily rotated, and have lasting effects on millions of Americans who are unhappy with their body image. Plastic surgery has become common amongst middle class women, and a rapid increase in male plastic surgery has been noted in recent years. Constant exposure to the â€Å"perfect† body image in the media puts harm in the very idea that the human body comes in all shapes and sizes. Despite the temptations of a perfect body and plasticRead MoreThe Role Of Family, Religion, And Family Shape The Experiences Of Young Black Men892 Words   |  4 Pageswhen black males who have sex with other men, modify their behavior who they cannot be suspected of being gay. Although perspective can be measured through quantitative research, stories cannot. It allows a reader to get a true insight to the struggles associated with being gay and black from a multiple of different elements such as family, religion or the black community. Through reading the text, the authors’ literature review led me to ask more questions about certain points made. I also gained

Managing Complex Projects

Question: Discuss about theManaging Complex Projects. Answer: Introduction The assignment sheds light on the five points underscored by the case study. The first point is the excellent cognizance of the practitioners. Scholastic specialists, arrangement specialists, and other researchers give imperative bits of knowledge and assorted qualities of perspectives. However, the best way to expand the horizon of knowledge is to converse with the individuals. The second point is experience is synonymous to best teacher. The researcher has disclosed many circumstances over that 85 to 90 percent of learning happen at work. This presumption illuminates each choice about how best to configuration learning open doors for a venture based association. The third point is supremacy of context. At NASA, there are varied instances emanated from the diverse motives of the agency (Hoffman et al., 2016). Cindy Hernandez, a software engineer working on the development of the Orion crew capsule at Johnson Space Centre. The point shows that the supremacy of the context prevails in any kind of project undertaken at NASA. The fourth point is exhibition of task at the team level. The complex projects are the culmination of team efforts. At the same time, such projects juxtapose diverse knowledge and capabilities. For example, in November 2008, the launch of STS-126 manifests the concerted endeavors of approximately 1000 people operating at NASA. The fifth point is necessity of a unified learning model in a project workforce. In project-related units, the workforce improvement endeavor emphasizes the indoctrination of individuals. A strong project unit aims to consider candidate ability, team function and the efficient swap of knowledge across the organization. At NASA, the concept of project failure is entrenched in the mode of learning, as it moulds the learning strategy (Hoffman et al., 2016). Reference Hoffman, E., Boyle, J. and Rogers, E., 2016. REAL knowledge and the James Webb Space Telescope: success and failure coexisting in NASAa.Successes and Failures of Knowledge Management, p.35.

Using Manual System of Accounting

Question: Discuss about the Using Manual System of Accounting ? Answer : Introduction Using of manual system of accounting has become negligible after introduction of electronic softwares that have simplified the work. Still there lies doubt in the minds of the managers regarding the authenticity and complexity of this software. The discussion below has taken into consideration the benefits of implementation of accounting software. Also the report identifies the risks and limitations involved in implementation of this accounting software. Outline the economic transactions that would take place at a small business Economic transactions are business transactions which initiates the process of recording of financial data in the accounts of the company. Now transactions may be simple or complex. (AICPA., 2017) Simple transactions would be the transactions such as payment for purchases, recording for cash sales, payment of petty expenses, etc. Others transactions are complex transactions which come with a series of transactions such as credit transactions, issue of debit or credit notes, recording of loans, etcetera. All the transactions however simple or however complex form an important part of accounting and must all be recorded in the books of accounts. The intensity and frequency of transactions are more in large business as compared to that of small business. Large business involve branch transfers, maintaining subsidiary accounts, off shore transactions, etc which make the whole process of transaction recording complex. Small business also has a lot of transactions record. Few examples of economic transactions that would take place at a small business would be: Cash sales and purchases Credit sales and purchases Sale and purchase returns Payment of administrative expenses Recording of capital transactions Calculation and recognition of depreciation on capital assets Writing off of impaired assets Recognition of profit or loss on sale of investments or capital assets Therefore, we see that though intensity and frequency of transactions are lower in small business as compared to large ones, but complexities still lie in all kinds of businesses. (Carlton and Perloff, 2005) Outline the benefits of using an online accounting software tool. The requirements of companies in the accounting world have become complex. In order to continue the smooth functioning of a business it is very important to carry out the accounting in a very planned and articulate manner. The small business entities generally go for manual form of accounting as there are not many transactions to record. But manual accounting involves great risk. `(Certo and Certo, n.d.) Online accounting software tools now a days simplify the work of accounting along with increasing the reliability and reducing risk. There are a lot of advantages of using the online software tools. These online software tools simplify the work by flowing data in all necessary departments (Gleeson-White, n.d.). It saves time and also accuracy of data is not compromised with the use online software. These softwares help the management generate necessary reports based on which many bank release loans for the functioning of the entity. Also, the softwares help the management generate a forecast which is more like budget based on which decision can be made. Use of online software saves a lot of time and manual human labour. It helps to generate electronic invoices which helps eliminate the chances of mistake in data feeding. Online software also provides function such as ageing analysis which helps the entity collect its funds. Therefore, we see that use of online accounting software has a lot of advantages. Also customisation of software according to ones requirement helps in cost savings. Outline the problems Lydia and Sam face by using a manual accounting system. In the given situation we see that Lydia and Sam are owners of a small business which is situated in four different locations, also they follow a manual system of accounting. Manual system of accounting is generally used by small business which does not have its operations distributed to many places. Sam and Lydia have four store of eye wear and eye care business, in which use of manual system of accounting makes it difficult for them to maintain the books of accounts. (Hoffer, Ramesh and Topi, 2013) There are a lot of difficulties that arise due to use of manual system of accounting. Since they have store with eye wear they would have stock of the eye wear goods. In the manual system of accounting it becomes difficult to monitor the stock flow from four different locations. Also, use of manual accounting creates a lot of burden when it comes to book keeping. One transaction needs to be recorded in many places which carry an element of risk. It also is very time consuming and requires a lot of manpower. Due to huge involvement of human labour many times important issues do not come in sight such as debtor collection, due date of payment of an expense, etc, missing these can create a financial harm to the entity. Use of manual system also makes it easier in cash embezzlement. (Hurt, n.d.) Therefore, manual system is carries a lot of risks and also makes it difficult to execute the operations easily. With reference to three (3) specific economic transactions that would take place at I SEE, detail how MYOB would be used and useful. In the given situation Lydia and Sam have been using a manual form of accounting. Let us now consider the following cases in which MYOB will be useful to them: Smooth movement of stock: under the manual system of accounting it becomes very hard for the stock keeper to maintain the flow of stock in four different locations. Also any shortage, losses become very hard to detect. In case the MYOB is implemented in this case then a centralised system of stock recording and movement can be maintained. Therefore, it would help Lydia and Sam save time and also help them save resources. (Micklethwait and Wooldridge, 2005) Centralised data recording for all transactions: under manual system of accounting becomes hard to collect data from four different locations and consolidate them it involves too much work and also the risk of misstatements. Under the MYOB the entity will be able to store data under a centralised system and view them anytime. It would keep the data safe and accurate; also it would save a lot of manual work for Lydia and Sam. Proper accounting for Sale and purchase transactions: being the business divided in four different locations the manual system records sales and expenses of their specific location. Under the MYOB system the data is stored at a centralised platform. It will help the managers to segregate the data store wise and it can show them as one entity. Therefore classification of data becomes easy. (Romney and Steinbart, n.d.) Also it would help them generate invoices which will automatically register sales and reduce multiple feeding of data in system. Outline any limitations or risks that I SEE may face in the implementation of MYOB. Though implementation of MYOB will be of great advantages to I SEE, Lydia and Sam may come across few risks and limitations (Walker and Madsen, n.d.): Security issues: data in these softwares are generally very safely kept, but in case the passwords get to the wrong hand it might become dangerous and harm the business of the entity Limitations due to automation: due to a lot of automatic transactions the system tends to automatically send payment and issue invoices. It helps to save a lot of time and labour. But if information is not properly fed then it may issue payments to wrong persons or issue incorrect invoices. (Tanenbaum, 2009) Training and coping with technology: technology is dynamic and involves continuous training. Lack of proper knowledge makes it difficult to manage the software. Therefore training and keeping in pace with technology becomes a necessity. References AICPA., (2017).REVENUE RECOGNITION 2016. 1st ed. [S.l.]: JOHN WILEY. Carlton, D. and Perloff, J. (2005).Modern industrial organization. 1st ed. Boston [etc.]: Pearson/Addison Wesley. Certo, S. and Certo, S. (n.d.).Modern management. 1st ed. Gleeson-White, J. (n.d.).Double entry. 1st ed. Hoffer, J., Ramesh, V. and Topi, H. (2013).Modern database management. 1st ed. Boston: Pearson. Hurt, R. (n.d.).Accounting information systems. 1st ed. Micklethwait, J. and Wooldridge, A. (2005).The company. 1st ed. New York: Modern Library. Romney, M. and Steinbart, P. (n.d.).Accounting information systems. 1st ed. Tanenbaum, A. (2009).Modern operating systems. 1st ed. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Prentice Hall. Walker, G. and Madsen, T. (n.d.).Modern competitive strategy. 1st ed.

How Does Gatsby Represent the American Dream Essay Sample free essay sample

Although â€Å"The Great Gatsby† is filled with multiple subjects such as love. money. order. world. semblance and immorality. no 1 would likely deny that the predominate one focuses on the American Dream and the ruin of those who attempt to make its illusional ends. The effort to capture the American Dream is the cardinal of this novel. This can be explained by how Gatsby came to acquire his luck. By analyzing the procedure of how Gatsby tried to accomplish his ain alleged American Dream. we could hold a better apprehension of what American dream is all approximately. in those earthy Americans’ point of position. The word picture of Gatsby is a representative figure among Americans as he devoted his whole life to accomplish his dream. However. pitiably he failed to do it came true at the terminal. merely like most of the Americans. who misunderstood what the existent significance of American Dream is. We will write a custom essay sample on How Does Gatsby Represent the American Dream? Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page did. The Great Gatsby. written by Scott Fittzgerald. is a portraiture of the atrophy of American Dream. The American Dream promises prosperity and self-realization as wagess for difficult work and autonomy. A merchandise of the frontier and the West. the American Dream challenges people to hold dreams and strive to do them existent. Historically. the dream represents the image of believing in the goodness nature. However. the American Dream can be interpreted in many different ways. While some may endeavor for religious goodness and excellence. other take the dream to stand for strictly mercenary values. which the bulk perceive at that clip. This is besides the instance of Jay Gatsby. We will subsequently detect such a mercenary reading of the American Dream is the chief cause of Gatsby’s ruin. Gatsby himself so is a complex symbol of the corruptness of the American Dream. He is a romantic dreamer who seeks to carry through his life by gaining his wealth as a mobster. Gatsby does non alter much in the class of the novel because his whole life is devoted to the fulfilment of a romantic dream created that is inconsistent with the worlds of society. At a really early age Gatsby vowed to love and to get married Daisy. His deficiency of wealth led Daisy into the weaponries of another more comfortable adult male. Tom. Gatsby believed that he could win Daisy back with money. and that he could acquire the life she wanted if he is willing to pay for it. . He wanted to make off with clip in order to kill the old ages Tom and Daisy had together. Gatsby wanted to reiterate the yesteryear. â€Å"I’m traveling to repair everything merely the manner it was earlier. She’ll see. . . † ( p. 110 ) Gatsby’s romantic neglect for world changes the American Dream with his dream that love can be recaptured if one can do adequate money. The corruptness of Gatsby’s dream by following philistinism as its agencies and love. beauty and young person as its end is due to the corruptness of the American Dream. Another illustration of the corrupt American Dream is the car. a authoritative symbol of material wealth in America at that clip. Gatsby owns a singular car whose visual aspect is envied by many. â€Å"It was a rich pick colour. bright with Ni. swollen here and at that place in its monstrous length with exultant hat-boxes and super-boxes and tool-boxes. and terraced with a maze of wind-shields that mirrored a twelve suns† ( p. 64 ) Gatsby’s auto in an grandiloquent point created by wealth to carry through the American Dream of personal stuff success. It is. nevertheless. Gatsby’s auto that kills Myrtle Wilson when Daisy runs her over. This indirectly leads to Gatsby’s ain decease and portrays Fitzgerald’s subject that establishing the Dream on philistinism entirely is undoubtedly destructive. Fitzgerald presents clearly that a life based on philistinism entirely is a corruptness instead than a fulfilment of the American Dream. Gatsby’s devastation shows that those who try to keep a life style based strictly on mercenary values are doomed by their self-delusion. Thus. by analysing Fitzgerald’s presentation. Gatsby’s dream. the fresh suggests. is besides that of America. with its accent on the built-in goodness within nature. on healthy life. young person. verve. love affair. a dream of the East which has been dreamed up in the West. In this sense the novel becomes assorted things. an geographic expedition of the American Dream. or possibly a barbarian unfavorable judgment of that dream. Gatsby. lured on by Daisy. who is no more than a symbol for him. pursues the Green Light. the dream of advancement and stuff ownerships. and is finally destroyed. Gatsby’s personal dream symbolizes the larger American Dream where all have the chance to acquire what they want. For Gatsby. his American Deam is non material ownerships in fact. although it may look that manner. He merely comes into wealths so that he can carry through his true American Dream. Daisy. Gatsby does non rest until his American Dream is eventually fulfilled. However. it neer comes approximately and he ends up paying the ultimate monetary value for it. In the Great Gatsby. the thought of the American Dream still holds true. One thing neer changes about the American Dream which is everyone desires something in life and everyone somehow strives to acquire it. Gatsby is a premier illustration of prosecuting the American Dream. Fitzgerald uses his characters to demo how wealth and the hollowness of the upper category create a false American Dream that misleads people. The Great Gytsby remarks on how society viewed wealth in the 1920s and provides insight into how the American Dream was being revealed for what it genuinely was. a prevarication. His novel besides remarks on human society and how many people look to wealth to supply them with felicity. These constructs still use today. Most people in our society now look to hold a higher instruction and acquire a better occupation that pays a higher wage. Though it is different than what the American Dream was about a century ago. the cardinal thoughts are still at that place. Many people now end up in a calling that they are highly unhappy with but take to remain with that occupation because of the high wage. In this sense. money can once more. non purchase felicity but that does non halt people from believing that it will. Possibly a new American Dream is be ing fabricated right now. As our economic system continues to fall. many people of the new coevals aspire to do a calling out of high paying service occupations. in hopes of supplying themselves with a better life. The unfavorable judgments and constructs presented in Fitzgerald’s narratives may or may non assist maneuver society in the right way this clip around.

The Golden Door To America Essays - Demography, Population

The Golden Door To America Essays - Demography, Population The Golden Door To America Writen by Randy j 11/24/00 I wrote this paper for Political Life 1110 Should America Close the Golden Door? America has, is, and will always be a nation of immigrants: the great melting pot. In the years that have passed since Emma Lazarus poem was inscribed on the Statue of Liberty the golden door has seen times when it was open wide and times when it was closed shut to almost all immigrants. Many people tend to look at the present immigration problems as a purely modern dilemma. The truth is America has always struggled with the issue of immigration, both legal and illegal. Changing times however make it imperative that our government re-examine and adjust todays immigration laws to todays standards. Those standards however are not easily defined. All too often the issue of immigration is used as a political tool or is lost in heated moral debates. In any discussion about immigration you will have those who claim it is good for our nation and those who claim it is ruining the nation. More often than not the bottom line in any debate of this sort is m oney; will more or less immigration mean more or less money for those already in America. The moral debates come down to a question of who we are as a nation and how we want the rest of the world to perceive Americans. If this great country was forged and built by immigrants passing through the golden door , then how can this same country turn away new immigrants. The inscription on the Statue of Liberty invites all to enter, yet not all are allowed to enter. Immigration has become a selective process with many gray areas. Now Americans are faced with a new dilemma; the nation must decide not whether it is willing to accept new immigrants, but whether it can afford new immigrants. All new immigrant, both legal and illegal must be considered in this equation. Congress can attempt to ease the burden of legal immigration by passing restrictive laws and only allowing in those who they believe will become self-sufficient. Congress must also find a way to slow the flow of illegal immigrat ion by enforcing the laws already in place. What this paper will attempt to do is bring the immigration issue into perspective. America most certainly has immigration problems but they will not be fixed by eliminating immigration all together. In fact, America will never totally eliminate immigration, because no matter how tightly the door is closed some illegal immigrants will get through. As long as America continues to be seen as a nation of prosperity, opportunity, and freedom there will be those who wish to come to America. Immigrants have always come to America looking for a better life and Americans are always forgetting that their forefathers were once looking for that same life. As a nation there must be a decision on whether immigration is an issue of conscience or economics. History of Immigration Laws Though most Americans see immigration as a modern problem it has been heavily debated since the 19th century. Throughout most of Americas history immigration was seen as a natural process that benefited the nation (Divine 2). Until the 1890s there were no clearly defined policies on immigration. During this time the country started questioning the economic benefits of more immigrants, so things have note changed in that respect. In May 1921, the first bill in American history restricted European immigration and created the quota system (Divine 5). This turn toward restriction could be justified by the downward turn in the economy. Who could argue for more immigrants when the nations own citizens couldnt find work. The slowing economy and the spirit of intense nationalism in the United States at this time made immigration a hot topic (Divine 23). After the depression hit everyone was in agreement that there was a need to limit immigration, of course the extent of those limits were not easily agreed upon (Divine 77). World War II brought with it a new set of immigrants, and eventually the passing of the Displaced Persons Act of 1947. This allowed immigr ants, displaced by the war to enter

Globalisation and International Relations Essay

Globalisation and International Relations - Essay Example Considering theoretical perspectives, Anievas (2005) discusses theories of IR and goes into the detail pf Habermasian social theory to understand the practical implications of such a theory considering discourse ethics and communicative action. Anievas suggests that the contradictory nature of international relations and its relation to globalisation perspectives could be understood within the Habermasian context and the constructivist approaches to IR also have more socially oriented applications of the Habermasian framework (Anievas, 2005). Habermas emphasized on the importance of the public sphere, and the need for a political community transcending nation state on ethnic and cultural similarities for a community based on equal rights and democracy. Thus the Habermasian framework could be applied within socialisation perspectives to explain globalisation as a phenomenon which transcends cultural or ethnic boundaries for equality at all levels. Discussing on the role of foreign pol icy practised by the global powers, as the United States, Mabee (2004) suggests that the US foreign policy is defined and explained in terms of imperialism and the notion of an empire. Mabee points out that the US as an empire probably conveys deeper meaning to the process of foreign policy and US domination than the concept of US as an imperial republic. According to Mabee, the notion of imperialism would suggest the dynamics of power and coercion that seem to be a part of an anarchic international system. Imperialism and globalisation has a direct relationship with certain interpretations of globalisation being focused on the influence or hegemony of one culture especially western culture on the other more oriental cultures (Mabee, 2004). There are other theoretical alternatives, such as the constructivist approach to globalisation, and Palan (2004) suggests that constructivism in international relations has a string link with

Women during the Second World War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Women during the Second World War - Essay Example This paper looks at the complaints of comfort women during World War II and their demands for compensation as payment for their sufferings when they were repeatedly raped and were exposed to non-human treatments. At the same instance, the study uncovers the reasons whether the denial of the Japanese government to accept responsibility for the conditions of the comfort women is justified. To establish pieces of evidence to support justifications of both parties, the study uses data gathering through a review of kinds of literature from published sources, both primary and secondary. There are many pieces of evidence found in the literature archives that showed women were in the brothels army camp but none of these directly link the response to the Japanese government. There were also photos found showing former comfort women, now in their 80’s standing in protest rallies. On the other hand, there are hard pieces of evidence on the part of the Japanese government that sustains th eir position of denial. On the basis of pieces of evidence, the study concludes that the Japanese government did not violate any international law on armed conflict as rape is one of the atrocities of war. A recommendation on further study of the law on armed conflict is suggested to avoid recurrence of the situation in the future.

Men, Friendship and Companionship in Moby Dick by Herman Melville Essay

Men, Friendship and Companionship in Moby Dick by Herman Melville - Essay Example It is difficult to sympathize with a man who is so engrossed in his own ego and is so taken by its irrational impulses. Moby Dick is the story of the mammoth ego of a relatively much smaller man! Its ending does not invoke tragedy, but only a sense of sheer futility of all ego-ridden endeavor undertaken by men. Ego and friendship are antitheses. We cannot imagine an Adolf Hitler having a bosom friend nor can we think of Ahab relaxing in the company of his near and dear ones. Such people are lone souls, which is not necessarily bad in itself, but often they happen to be lost souls too: they are not only cut off from their fellow human beings, they are also cut off from the vast natural world that sustains our existence. The ego as such, whether big or small, is a statement of our separation with the natural world. It is very useful, in the sense that it forms the basis on which we have built the great modern civilization and conquered nature, at least to a significant extent. Polynesians and other natives do not have much of an individuated ego, they live in exquisite harmony with nature and in harmony with each other; however, they do not have a civilization. Because the ego is needed for that: a crystallized sense of self against the world. Ego thrives on this opposition. But when this eg o gets totally caught up in the web of its own conceit and deceit, it is then that the road leads to perdition. We do need to assert ourselves, but not to the extent of positing ourselves at the very center of the world. Friendship and love happen only when we succeed in putting the others before ourselves, to whatever extent possible. But if we become all important to ourselves, then only death can release us from the big lie that we have become prisoners to. Friendship, love, and this feeling of oneness between ourselves and the greater whole - this is the truth. Ego is merely an illusion, albeit a very necessary one. We need to learn to lose our ego sometimes. At other times, we need to learn to use our ego, but still not be used and consumed by its megalomaniacal tendencies. Friendship is a beautiful experience, one of the most precious that is possible in human life. All that it needs is for us to put the weight of our egos aside and try to relate to the people and the world we see around ourselves in a more meaningful and deeper way - which is exactly the kind of thing that is impossible for colossal egos like Captain Ahab. Through all its rich narrative and storytelling, the one thing that Moby Dick conveys to us in the end is the meaninglessness and pointlessness of ego-obsessesed pursuits of man. But this is not to say that all ego is bad. For example, the central character of another nearly contemporary nineteenth-century epic, which too incidentally is set in the ocean and involves a giant sea-creature - Captain Nemo of Twenty Thousand Leagues is as gigantic an ego as is Captain Ahab. But there is a crucial distinction. Captain Nemo's ego is bent upon relentless construction, whereas Captain Ahab's ego is bent upon mindless destruction. Though both of them meet their deaths equally ingloriously at the sea, Nemo stands as a fallen hero, an inspiration

Ways To Manage Work Life Balance English Language Essay

Ways To Manage Work Life Balance English Language Essay This is the sentence that brings the idea when we talk of work-life balance. When we work every day, all day, with no time set aside for living life, we just get more stressed. We are unable to find sight of reality. We may not have the touch with creativity, which is just as important for producing quality work as it is for innovating in business. There are no benefits to living a workaholic lifestyle. A good work-life balance is very important in our life. Working is necessary and hard working is surely not bad but we need to find the right balance to keep our body healthy. Some rest is always necessary and that is something that the so called workaholics many times forget. A recent study shows that people who are stressed out in their jobs have a higher risk for dementia later in life.   This is bad news for the American worker who often has long hours and can often loose work-life balance on their way to climbing to the top of the corporate ladder. Deadlines, conflicting demands, promised delivery, increased accessibility, mixed with a need for a life outside of work, does not easily tip the scales to personal well-being. We have to focus on prioritizing and setting goals for ourselves, and create an action plan that will help us organize our life at work and in the home. Follow this Work Life Balance guide to get ourselves focused, and to create a plan that will help us to reduce stress. Setting healthy boundaries is essential for a healthy work life balance. Be attuned to our patterns of working, as well as our high alert, medium concentration, and down times during a 24 hour cycle. This will help us allocate tasks to appropriate times in which to complete them. Three more GETS to consider for a balanced life that will help us to sleep through out the night! These are Get Organized, Get Connected and Get Going. This paper deals with the ways to manage work life and reduce stress. Ways to Manage Your Work-Life Balance and Reduce Stress Introduction: Work to LIVE. Dont LIVE to work. This is the sentence that brings the idea when we talk of work-life balance. Its important to get a handle on mood swings or energy shifts if we want to maintain our work life balance and be successful in business. A good work-life balance is very important in our life. Working is necessary and hard working is surely not bad but you need to find the right balance to keep your body healthy. Some rest is always necessary and that is something that the so called workaholics many times forget. In todays intensely competitive global environment, companies that support work-life balance practices and encourage their employees to manage their personal energy effectively will come out on top. According to studies by the National Institute of Occupational Health, American businesses lose more that $300 billion a year due to absenteeism, employee turnover and workers compensation benefits directly resulting from overwork. We need to make priorities; it is necessary to take time for your family life. If you are married you need to spent time with your wife and your children. What are you with all the money if you dont have time to spend together. It is very often better to divide your time in working time and relax time. Work life imbalance leads to Stress: Happiness on your work is very important but when you come home you need to put all the sorrows and problems of your work away .A stressful job can lead to unhappiness that seeps into your leisure life and leads to bad health.   A recent study shows that people who are stressed out in their jobs have a higher risk for dementia later in life.   This is bad news for the American worker who often has long hours and can often loose work-life balance on their way to climbing to the top of the corporate ladder. There is good news though.   Companies realize that they need healthy employees and some are starting to take notice of new ways to handle work-life balance.   NPR reports said that in 2010 one percent of U.S. companies allow unlimited paid vacation for their employees.   Employees are allowed to take time when they need it as long as they get their work done.   This number also appears to be on the rise as companies pay more attention to results rather than tradition. As long as youre working, juggling the demands of career and personal life will probably be an ongoing challenge. Use these ideas to help you find the work-life balance thats best for you. Strike a better work-life balance: When your work life and personal life are out of balance, your stress level is likely to soar. Use these practical strategies to restore harmony. Deadlines, conflicting demands, promised delivery, increased accessibility, mixed with a need for a life outside of work, does not easily tip the scales to personal well-being. You have to focus on prioritizing and setting goals for yourself, and create an action plan that will help you organize your life at work and in the home. Follow this Work Life Balance guide to get you focused, and to create a plan that will help you to reduce stress. Be attuned to your patterns of working, as well as your high alert, medium concentration, and down times during a 24 hour cycle. This will help you allocate tasks to appropriate times in which to complete them. Ultimately you want to optimize the time you have available in order to reach your goals. This means disciplining yourself to work on your most important tasks, even though they may only be bite-sized chunks of a much larger project, rather than do the quick and easy, less important tasks that will make you feel better to cross them off in short order on your to-do list but, in reality, will bring you no closer to your goals. Three more GETS to consider for a balanced life that will help you sleep through the night! i.e. Get OrganizedGet ConnectedGet Going   Tips for Better Work-Life Balance: There was a time when the boundaries between work and home were fairly clear. Today, however, work is likely to invade your personal life and maintaining work-life balance is no simple task. Still, work-life balance isnt out of reach. Start by evaluating your relationship to work. Then apply specific strategies to help you strike a healthier balance. Track your time. Track everything you do for one week, including work-related and personal activities. Decide whats necessary and what satisfies you the most. Cut or delegate activities you dont enjoy or cant handle or share your concerns and possible solutions with your employer or others. Take advantage of your options. Ask your employer about flex hours, a compressed workweek, job sharing, telecommuting or other scheduling flexibility. The more control you have over your hours, the less stressed youre likely to be. Learn to say no. Whether its a co-worker asking you to spearhead an extra project or your childs teacher asking you to manage the class play, remember that its OK to respectfully say no. When you quit doing the things you do only out of guilt or a false sense of obligation, youll make more room in your life for the activities that are meaningful to you and bring you joy. Leave work at work. With the technology to connect to anyone at any time from virtually anywhere, there may be no boundary between work and home unless you create it. Make a conscious decision to separate work time from personal time. When youre with your family, for instance, turn off your cell phone and put away your laptop computer. Manage your time. Organize household tasks efficiently, such as running errands in batches or doing a load of laundry every day, rather than saving it all for your day off. Put family events on a weekly family calendar and keep a daily to-do list. Do what needs to be done and let the rest go. Limit time-consuming. Bolster your support system. At work, join forces with co-workers who can cover for you and vice versa when family conflicts arise. At home, enlist trusted friends and loved ones to pitch in with child care or household responsibilities when you need to work overtime or travel. Nurture yourself. Eat healthy foods, include physical activity in your daily routine and get enough sleep. Set aside time each day for an activity that you enjoy, such as practicing yoga or reading. Better yet, discover activities you can do with your partner, family or friends such as hiking, dancing or taking cooking classes. ABCDE for restore work life balance: Heres a practice recommends for shifting from hopelessness to hopefulness. I successfully use it with my clients to help them restore their work life balance. He calls it ABCDE for: Adversity Beliefs Consequences Disputation Energization. A Adversity Start by spelling out the nature of the situation. Notice that you can experience hopelessness in response to ostensibly positive situations as well as to negative ones. For example, getting a new client or being accepted into a final round of interviews can upset your balance and send you into a whirlwind of anxiety and fear that produces just as much hopelessness and overwhelm as not getting the job or not making the cut. B Beliefs This is your opportunity to spell out the thoughts and beliefs that are fueling the negative response. C Consequences Look at the consequences of your beliefs what happened as a result? How do you behave? What happened then? D Disputation Actively dispute the beliefs that break your life balance and send you into the downward spiral. This is where you practice arguing with yourself in a productive way. E Energization When you have been effective in disputing the problem beliefs, you feel an influx of energy, a sense of renewed hope, or at least of peacefulness. Strategies for managing work life balance and reduce stress: Here are nine strategies that, taken together, can help to change course without abandoning the destination and help you restore your work life balance: 1. Dont panic. Even if you feel panicky, you can choose modest, recoverable steps to address the situation. This is no time to get a divorce, fire an employee, or buy a new computer system. Tip: Talk with a coach or therapist to get perspective. 2. Return to Source. Whatever our spiritual orientation or tradition, connect with what for you is the Source of life or spirit. Know that there is something larger than you that encompasses you. Spend at least 15 minutes each day connecting with that Source. (I like Mark Silvers Remembrance Practice described in his free downloadable workbook Getting to the Core of Your Business.) 3. Take a body inventory. Are you sleeping well? How are you eating? Whats your energy level? If these are not up to par, get a professional evaluation and take the steps that will restore your well being. 4. Tell the truth. Sometimes energy flags when weve gotten into a pattern of pleasing others or living according to standards that are not our own. Notice if there is any imbalance. Notice where youre being less than forthright and get clear about your motives, then clean it up. (Talking to a coach or therapist can facilitate clear, authentic communication.) 5. Keep good company. Are you stimulated and encouraged by your peers and clients? Do you have great playmates? Playing on the wrong playground with the wrong kids is neither fun nor productive. 6. Tune Up Your Thinking. Theres substantial evidence that managing the way we think can have a profound and lasting effect on mood and motivation. 7. Set Healthy, Flexible Boundaries. Yes, real life and real business are intimately connected, but that doesnt mean that you need to give up your privacy. To find your work life balance, set boundaries so that you can feel generous without feeling depleted and available without feeling invaded. Keep them flexible, because things change. 8. Create or Refine Systems. We cant manage real life and a real business or hope to achieve meaningful balance without good systems. Look at where things feel most out of sorts and resolve to create or improve a system to get things on track. 9. Keep the Goal, Drop the Plan. Sometimes the best way to achieve a goal is to let go of our plans. Promptly and clearly revise commitments and offers as necessary to bring current activity in line with current resources. Why abandon ship when you can drop anchor while you make some repairs. As for me, these strategies led me to postpone the re-launch of the Authentic Promotion teleclass and take a break from Internet marketing. Having stopped the war between myself and my business, I restored my work life balance and now feel more engaged with the things that I choose to take on (like writing this article.) My audacious goals are now shining possibilities instead of looming obligations, and if it takes a little longer to reach them, arriving will be all the sweeter. Boost up Your Bottom Line by Encouraging Work-Life Balance: Overwork also takes its toll on employee creativity. Bruce Van Horn, CEO of Yogaforbusiness.com and author of Firm Footing in a Changing Marketplace, writes, We need to be human beings, not human doers. Here are seven practices you can introduce into your organization to increase productivity and creativity and reduce costs at the same time. Train your managers to listen and use their best judgment to work with their employees to co-design arrangements that foster better work-life integration. Linda Stokes of PRISM International, Inc. puts it well: The real challenge here is to identify actual requirements of the job versus traditions of the company or preferences of the manager that sometimes masquerade as real job requirements. Use the actual job requirements and employee needs to design a better work-life integration plan.   Bring back lunch. Encourage everyone to regularly take at least 30 to 60 minutes for lunch away from the workplace. Encourage real vacations. A real vacation involves more than a few days away from the office while fielding cell phone calls and e-mail. Encourage managers to do what managers in European countries with paid leave legislation have been doing for years . . . cross-train employees.   Encourage productivity phases. Dr. Krista Kurth states, According to research, the human brain is hardwired to take a rest, or shift in attention, at least every 90 to 120 minutes. If we do not take this mental break, our brains will take it anyway. This is when we most often make errors. People who take productivity pauses return to the task at hand with renewed vigor and focus. Provide resources. Offer articles, books, brown-bag lunches and online seminars about stress and overwork, work-life balance and personal energy management. This will give employees the information they need to make better choices about balancing their energies across their work and life. Use the material in this article to begin designing your own seminar. Better yet, hire an expert to speak to your managers and employees or enroll them in appropriate training. Look for ways to sneak in a little fun. For example, if you have a cafeteria, you can transform lunchtimes into concert times inexpensively by inviting employees with musical instruments and hopefully a modicum of talent to play and/or sing for their colleagues.   Consider providing employees training in relaxation methods, such as Yoga and meditation. These practices help strengthen the body and lower stress. Meditation, Van Horn points out is the perfect vehicle to refresh physical and mental functioning and to enhance the emotional intelligence, which is a prerequisite for business building and developing entrepreneurial skills. Conclusion: In todays world, managing work life balance can be tough if you dont know what youre doing. Work is such a large part of your life that it can seem easier to forgo the other areas such as recreation, spirituality and family, to name just a few. But its important that you find enough time to enjoy all different aspects of your life, otherwise you can burn out. The first thing you need to do is write down your Intentions. These are things that you want to turn into reality for the next week. Attending your daughters recital, going to church or taking care of your tax return are all Intentions. So make sure you write your Intentions down in your diary for a certain day and allow time for them. Intentions dont have to be tasks, either. They can be as simple as wanting to Be Kind. If you want to live your ideal life, first you have to plan it, and then live it! This is the key to managing work life balance. Its important that you dont put off until retirement something youve always wanted to do. Remember, dreams are goals without a deadline. So if you want to turn your dream into reality, then you need to give it a deadline.

Organizational Technology :: Technologies of Communication

We live in an age of communication. Communication is the problem and the opportunity addressed by a great deal of technology design and development. But because communication is an interpersonal and a social phenomenon, technology issues must be approached with a particular appreciation of human and social factors. The organization of societies today requires effective global communication between diverse and far-flung social and cultural systems. Only through technical mediation are we able to maintain the flows of commerce and information required by the world-wide interdependence. Technologies of communication become the means of production, or production format, of communication. Their use in communication is not transparent. In fact, technologies introduce new contingencies and context into communication. Analysis of communication and interaction in society today needs to account for the transformative effects of mediation. Technologies are rational by design, and in use, they rationalize human activity. Human communication and interaction, however, are neither rational nor designed. The difference between the technical and the human shows up in technology at what we call the "interface." In our case, we will consider this not just a user interface, but a social interface. It is social because it translates communication (messages, content) while also facilitating the subtle and tacit exchange of interpersonal acknowledgments. The latter, though they don't "say" anything, reproduce our relations. Social interface issues generally involve ambiguities of communication, intent, outcome and so on. These ambiguities result from technology's mediation of practices in which individuals are normally able to address and resolve ambiguities as they come up. It's at the social interface where the distinction between communication's content and participants' relationships becomes an issue, because the technology that's good for transmitting content may not be good for reproducing relationships. The implicit purpose of communication is to motivate a listener (or recipient) to do, or understand, something communicated. Thus the use of technology extends and limits the very power of communication. It extends our ability to access and connect, but limits our ability to communicate and bind. Repercussions can be seen at all levels of society, from individual and interpersonal to macro-social. Our study of communication technologies will borrow from pragmatics, which is branch of linguistics that emphasizes the "how" of what we say (in addition to the "what"). A pragmatics of mediated interaction would thus emphasize the production and performance of mediated communication and interaction, focusing on the practices developed around connectivity technologies.

Community Health Partnerships Essay

Community: Social groups of any size whose members reside in a specific locality, share government, and often have a common cultural and historical heritage. A social, religious, occupational, or other group sharing common characteristics or interest and perceived or perceiving itself as distinct in some respect from the larger society within which it exist ( Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012). Community Health: Refers to the health status of a defined group of people, or community, and the actions and conditions that protect and improve the health of the community. Those individuals who make up a community live in a somewhat localized area under the same general regulations, norms, values, and organizations. For example, the health status of the people living in a particular town, and the actions taken to protect and improve the health of these residents would constitute community health (Green & Ottoson, 1999). ). Community Health is the meeting of collective needs by identifying problems and managing behaviors within the community itself and between the community and the larger society (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012). Community as Client: The concept of community as client is based on the assumption that community nursing practice is â€Å"community oriented,† seeking â€Å"healthful change for the whole community. The community is a client only when the nursing focus is on the collective of common good of the population instead of on individual health (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012). Community Health Partnerships: defines as voluntary collaborations of diverse community organizations, which have joined forces in order to pursue a shared interest in improving community health. Community Health Partnerships differ from traditional community organizations in their mix of public and private members and they diverge from grass roots organizations with their inclusion of multiple constituents and stakeholders. (McKenzie & Smeltzer, 1997) Lay community members have a vested interest in the success of efforts to improve the health of their community. Lay community members who are recognized as community leaders also possess credibility and skills that health professionals lack. Therefore, successful strategies for improving  community health must include community partnerships as the basic means, or key, for improvement (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012). Overall impression of participating family’s community and environment is an inner suburb of New York City named Hackensack, New Jersey, a city in Bergan County, New Jersey. Located 12 miles north west of Midtown Manhattan and about seven miles from the George Washington Bridge, from a number of locations, you can see the New York City skyline. The Metropolitan campus of Fairleigh Dickinson University borders the Hackensack River. The city is known for a great diversity of neighborhoods and land uses existing in very close proximity of each other. Within its borders are a massive medical center, a trendy high-rise district about a mile long, classic suburban neighborhoods of single family homes, stately older homes on acre-plus lots, older two –family neighborhoods, large garden apartments complexes, industrial areas, the Bergan Count Jail, a tidal river, and Hackensack River County Park. Cultural Diversity and Vulnerable Populations present in the Community: The racial make-up of the city was White, African American, Native American, Asian, Pacific Islanders, Hispanic or Latino. My participating family consists of an African American woman C.R. 68 years young whose family lineage is African American and Dutch, shares a lovely suburban two- family home with her daughter K. R. who is 48 years young and her life partner S. M. who is thirty nine years young and a native of the British Virgin Islands. It is my understanding from the family that same sex households are most certainly part of the community as well as interracial couples. The home is very nicely decorated, well-kept and the grounds are well manicured. The fact that the younger ladies are a same sex couple makes them part of a vulnerable population. I asked â€Å"if there were any prejudice or pressure they feel from the neighborhood regarding their lifestyle†? They both responded there is no pressure or prejudice put upon them. I must mention the time I have begun to spend with them, talking and observing their behaviors with one another, I have to say,† there is more love between the two of them than some heterosexual couples have in their little finger for each other† and they are not embarrassed by their life style nor do they hide who they are. They are both beautiful people inside and out. Aspects of the Community that could affect residents’ health: The  factor in the community that could affect health is the fact that there are many industrial areas surrounding the communities. The chemicals, fumes, and gases that ar e put into the air of the community and inhaled by all potentially could be of danger to the community. The County Jail and the potential of escaped criminals pose a threat to the community; Flooding is a potential threat during hurricanes and storms. Reproductive and Sexual Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health is relevant to the community in that the goal is to maintain and improve health and well-being. LGBT individuals encompass all races and ethnicities, religions, and social classes. Eliminating health disparities and enhancing efforts to improve health are necessary to ensure that LGBT individuals can lead long healthy lives (healthy 2020), REFERENCES: Green, L.W., Ottoson, J. M. (1999). Community and Population Health, (8th ed.) Boston: WCB/McGraw-Hill McKenzie, J. F., Smeltzer, J.L. (1997). Planning, Implementing and Evaluating Health Promotion Programs: A Primer; (2nd ed.), Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J. (2008) (8th ed,). Population-Centered Health Care in the Community. St. Louis, MO. http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics

Views on plastic surgery essays

Views on plastic surgery essays A Sociological View on Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery The human desire to appear attractive is universal; its permeating throughout history and in all parts of the world. Both men and women have gone to great lengths to beautify themselves. Although the desire to be beautiful may well be universal, what is considered beautiful is not. Since beauty is in the eye of the beholder, it depends on ones culture and socialization. The progress in plastic surgery, like in most of the medical discoveries, moved glacially for hundreds of years. It was not until the nineteenth and twentieth centuries that the specialty forged ahead both scientifically and within the medical establishment in both Europe and the United States. Because of the awful injuries it often inflicted on its participants, war was the driving force behind most plastic surgery developments during the late 1800s and early 1900s. In fact it was the war that catapulted plastic surgery into a new and higher realm. Cosmetic plastic surgery is performed in order to change ones appearance. For some, it may mean redesigning the bodys contour and shape, the elimination of wrinkles, or eliminating balding areas. Others may choose varicose vein treatment or breast augmentation. There are a number of cosmetic surgery procedures that men and women can choose from in order to create an image that makes them feel more confident and comfortable with their appearance. Although health insurance rarely covers the cost of cosmetic procedures, the number of individuals deciding to undergo cosmetic plastic surgery continues to grow. The top three cosmetic surgeries for 1999 included liposuction, breast augmentation, and eyelid surgery. About 500,000 women had one or more of these surgeries in 1999. This is a 26 percent increase from 1998. Further, it is not just women who are opting to enhance their appearance through surgery. Statistics show t...

Noras secret Essays

Noras secret Essays Noras secret Essay Noras secret Essay Movement and gestures were pivotally used throughout this performance and its success varied with each character. For example, Mrs. Linde (Jennifer Hennessey) did not use effective movement to demonstrate her characters persona. In my opinion I interpreted the role of Mrs. Linde, when reading A Dolls House, as being quite strong and self-liberated, yet in the performance she was interpreted as quite weak in the way she spoke, and Hennessey did not use vivid movements to support this distinct interpretation. However, movement was used exceptionally by Helmer (Ian Dunn) in the use of body language, gestures and stance. My interpretation of the character Helmer was that of a spoilt boy trapped in a grown mans body and I believe that Dunn captured this perfectly through his boyish walk and his mannerisms used when in Noras company. OVERALL IMPRESSION THE PRODUCTION WAS TRYING TO CONVEY Doll s Houses is considered one of the most controversial plays of its era and even in present day, its main themes and sub-meanings are still very much pivotal in daily life. The production I went to see in the Southwark Playhouse used this mentality in showing that a womans struggle for self-liberation is as real, necessary and challenging today as it was in Ibsens time. For my part, the director (Thea Sharrock) was trying create a microcosm of the feminist movement in the play. Sharrock also drew attention to how easily the human train of thought can morph from one mindset into another and this was shown by the way Nora stood frozen with a perplexed look upon her face during the last fragment of the play, which greatly contrasted the giddy and childish, fidgety manner Nora had during the beginning. Over the course of the performance, appearances prove to be misleading veneers that mask the reality of the plays characters and situations. My first impressions of Nora, Torvald, and Krogstad ere all eventually undercut. Nora initially seemed a silly, childish woman, but as the play progressed, I saw that she is intelligent, motivated, and, by the plays conclusion, a strong-willed, independent thinker. Torvald, though he plays the part of the strong, benevolent husband, reveals himself to be cowardly, petty, and selfish when he fears Krogstad may expose him to scandal. Krogstad too reveals himself to be a much more sympathetic and merciful character than he first appears to be. The plays climax was largely a matter of resolving identity confusion-we see Krogstad as a lover, Nora as an intelligent, brave woman, and Torvald as a simpering, sad man, which was all a part of proving the true possibility of breaking lose from an autocratic society. Situations too are misinterpreted both by the audience and by the characters through clever use of dramatic irony. The seeming hatred between Mrs. Linde and Krogstad turns out to be love. Noras creditor turns out to be Krogstad and not, as the audience and Mrs. Linde suppose, Dr. Rank. And the seemingly villainous Krogstad repents and returns Noras contract to her, while the seemingly kind-hearted Mrs. Linde ceases to help Nora and forces Torvalds discovery of Noras secret. The instability of appearances within the Torvald household during the performances end results from Torvalds devotion to image at the expense of the creation of true happiness. Because Torvald seemed craves respect from his employees, friends, and wife, status and image are important to him. Any disrespect-when Nora called him petty and when Krogstad familiarly called Torvald by his first name, for example-angered Torvald greatly to show his spoilt and childish nature. By the end of the play, we saw that Torvalds obsession with controlling his homes appearance and his repeated suppression and denial of reality harmed his family and his happiness irreparably showing that men are not always the stronger sex as society has deemed so.

Labor Laws and Unions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Labor Laws and Unions - Essay Example Several obstacles that this organization faces at times hamper its operations. These organizations link with the environment in various ways. Although this organization advocates on members behalf, workers interests occasionally comprise of an environment module (Harcourt & Wood 2). The critical environmental issue affecting the organization is ecological security. There is exposure of workers to multiple toxic chemicals while performing the jobs. The coal miners, for example, face a risk of acquiring lung disease due to inhaling coal dust. Therefore, the organization advocates for stern safety policies primarily for protecting employees from impairment caused by environmental hazards. In order to fix these problems faced by workers, the seniors should withdraw some of the local laws instituted at the work place in order to protect workers rights. There are several measures to minimize litigation in work places. Continuous communication with the employees is a prerequisite (Harcourt & Wood 8). The employees need awareness of daily activities of the organization. This helps to minimize misleading information. They need to be aware of termination dates in order to prevent shocking news pertaining to the loss of jobs. Moreover, employees’ relations need adequate handling, preferably according to their favor. Giving employees a time off is beneficial, as the organization eventually ends up with few aggressive employees, thus minimizing litigation. There are wide ranges of benefits that accrue to an organization after joining a union. Some of the benefits enjoyed by the members include improved wages, advanced health care, and a safe working environment (Harcourt & Wood 9). However, the main reason for joining unions is due to job security. A union contract comprises of extra rights enjoyed only by members. There is protection

Dark child Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dark child - Essay Example Two of the major characters in the book are his parents. His father is the village goldsmith, whose spirit dwells in a snake; â€Å"No one was to kill him because he was my fathers guiding spirit!†(Laye 22). He is described as an â€Å"open handed, lavish giver† albeit â€Å"temperate†(Laye 20- 21). Laye portrays him as a great man, the man in whose footsteps he could have followed to attain a similar greatness, but for the fact that he opts for Western education instead. It is his father whom Laye turns to for guidance when he must choose whether or not to attend school in Conkary; â€Å"What must I do if I am to do the right thing?† (Laye 29). His father tells him â€Å"There is a certain form of behavior to observe, and certain ways of acting in order that the guiding spirit of our race may approach you also†¦..I fear, I very much fear little one that you are not enough in my company. You are all day at school.† (Laye 27). Laye’s ance stral heritage is replete with mysticism, charms and spirits, his father’s spirit is a snake, his mother’s a crocodile – each has an individual totem with which identification is complete. But young Laye is unable to find his own totem; â€Å"yes the world rolls on†¦.and the proof of it is that my own totem†¦.is still unknown to me.† (Laye 75). Laye’s grandmother is portrayed as the typical Universal grandmother, who loves him without question or reason, examining him every time he visits her and moaning about how thin he is. His mother is the strongest influence in his life – Laye shares a special relationship with her, awe struck by her supernatural powers. She is portrayed as a strong influence in the home; â€Å"everything was done according to her own rules and those rules were strict† (Laye 68). She was authoritarian, unlike other African women who played a more submissive role and Laye states; â€Å"It was due to the strange powers she possessed.† (Laye 69).

Jean Watsons theory of caring Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Jean Watsons theory of caring - Essay Example This paper talks on Jane Watson's theory of nursing. Her theory is based on the belief that a caring attitude among the nurses for their patients is an essential part of getting well. Moreover, a real and heart-felt caring attitude develops from a humanistic personal value system that comes from a liberal arts background in college. She calls this caring attitude as composed of â€Å"carative† factors (from the word care) and is encapsulated in her seven major assumptions as contained in her theory of nursing. Furthermore, she elaborated on this theory in her ten â€Å"carative† factors that should serve as a guide in today's complex world of nursing. The major point of her theory is to re-emphasize the caring factors which are somehow lost in the current focus on technological and technical factors in medicine and nursing care. People seem to have forgotten how crucial caring is because of the rapid commercialization of the health care industry. Patients are now viewed or termed as clients and no different from a regular sales transaction in which the health care nurse or any medical professional is the seller and the patient is the customer. Jane Watson's theory has great significance today in view of emphasis that patients should be treated first and foremost as human beings who have feelings which can either send them back to either good or ill health depending on the attitude exhibited by their nurses. Profound changes in the medical and scientific technologies should not diminish the patient as a person. Keywords: altruism, carative, caring, humanistic, nursing, personal, theory, values Introduction Nursing today is a recognized profession and forms a crucial part of the health care team. Nurses have their own code of ethics to guide them through the challenges and ethical issues that they often encounter in their practice. It has gone a very long way since the days of Ms. Florence Nightingale whose original philosophy was limited to caring of the wounded and the sick as she had witnessed during a war. Nursing has since expanded to many specialties such that nurses are to be trained academically as well as acquire practical skills through learning by experience. The big part of nursing practice is anchored on certain theories about proper care in all aspects of the human life. Nursing has since expanded to include important components in human life: ranging from the conception of life itself, the entire birth-death cycle, personal relationships, good health, healing, pain, suffering, loss, grieving and caring (Watson, 2008, p. 2). Nursing practice is based on a number of competing theories about caring for the sick and how to promote good health in general. It has evolved since and is still evolving even today. This paper discusses Jean Watson's own theory of nursing as opposed to the other nursing theories in current practice. Nursing as a distinct profession has its unique focus for knowledge acquisition and developm ent through the totality of its philosophy, research, theories and practical wisdom. The knowledge so acquired is used to guide actual nursing practice but obviously, this can also change from time to time depending on which nursing theory seems plausible and workable. The theories of Jean Watson are remarkable in one respect which is to bring back humanity to a side of nursing which had been criticized in some quarters of society as being too cold and clinical for forgetting that patients are people who have feelings that can get hurt if not handled well. Discussion Background of Theory – Jean Watson had a doctorate degree in nursing and so was able to develop her theory based on extensive knowledge together with equally impressive working experiences. She has both undergraduate and graduate degrees in nursing and psychiatric health nursing as well as another doctorate degree

Article and lyrics comparison Essay Example for Free

Article and lyrics comparison Essay The songs â€Å"Have you Forgotten† by Darryl Worley, and â€Å"Where have all the flowers gone? † by Pete Seeger are two songs that both deliver strong messages regarding two different wars. â€Å"Have you Forgotten? † which is a song composed to convey emotions regarding the war in Iraq delivers messages that are meant to sway people to hate war. It describes the war and all its horrors by questioning if people have in fact forgotten what it is like to be in a war and so have become indifferent of the one that was currently being fought. â€Å"Where have all the flowers gone? † on the other hand, which is written during the period of the Vietnam war is another song written as a series of progressive questions terminating in the sad reality that the war in Vietnam had caused so many deaths. While the song does not in any way specify whose death had been more deserved or valued in the Vietnam War, it proceeds to question these deaths in an attempt to question the war itself. In an article, John Pareles describes that, â€Å"Songs that touched on the war in 2006 were suffused with the mournful and resentful knowledge† (2010) This is quite obvious in the song by Worley, for instance, in the lines from the chorus, â€Å"Have you forgotten, how it felt that day? / To see your homeland under fire/†¦And you say we shouldnt worry bout Bin Laden†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (7-8, 12) the song seems to be didactic and even moralizing in its approach and its perception of how people perceived the war. These lines, in relation to what Pareles describes, are in fact resentful in that they express how people are indifferent about this particular war. In addition, Pareles (2010) also states that, â€Å"Immediate responses to 9/11 and to the invasion of Iraq arrived along familiar lines. There was anger and saber-rattling at first†. This expresses how the emotions had died down when the war had began to drone on. There was only the desired response initially which eventually died down. Hence, Morley’s song very accurately describes this indifference by questioning America about its stand on the war and how America can seemingly be uncaring of what was going on. So, in the last few lines of the song, one finds, â€Å"Have you forgotten / About our Pentagon / All the loved ones that we lost / And those left to carry on† (27-30) as the song shifts from being fierily questioning of the objectives for and reactions to the war to being deeply emotional, appealing to the better judgment of the listeners as if pleading that everybody be more reactive because the war was not just any kind of war, but it was something that took away so much from those who were in it. Songs during the Vietnam War were equally as questioning, perhaps because that particular also had grey areas when it came to the goals and objectives of the battle. In 1963 musicians began directly questioning the Vietnam War. † (Anderson) and so, in the song â€Å"Where have all the flowers gone? † by Seeger, this questioning tone is also employed. However, noticeably in the song, as it progresses, the repeated lines go from questioning where the flowers are to where the graves are; (1-40) looking at each of the stanzas, however, the more interesting recurring line is â€Å"When will they ever learn? † (7-8, 15-16, 23-24, 31-32, 39-40) which serves the same function as the ‘Have you forgotten’ theme of the earlier song. So, in effect, this song by Seeger not only questions but also admonishes the listeners, perhaps because, â€Å"Their music stated traditional folk themes, ones which were being voiced in the current civil rights crusade: justice, peace, and brotherly love. † (Anderson) Looking at these two songs side by side one can easily conclude that while both were about different wars at different periods the main message delivered is don’t people ever get tired of wars albeit the painful and agonizing effects of these exercises? So, if war songs are to be evaluated according to these two songs which are separated by decades in between, the sentiment of people when it comes to war has not changed significantly which is probably due largely to the reality that nobody wants wars regardless of the reasons. So, while both of the songs question the audience or the listeners, the questions in both songs are meant to indirectly remind the listener of the horrors of war and to admonish and enjoin the listener to remain faithful to the precepts of peace, justice and love while actively protesting whatever justifications the government makes for conducting these bloody exercises. Works Cited Anderson, Terry. American Popular Music and the War in Vietnam. (): 51-65. Print. Pareles, John. Pop Music and the War: The Sound of Resignation. New York Times. N. p. , 2 Jan. 2007. Web. 15 July 2010. http://www. nytimes. com/2007/01/02/arts/music/02songs. html . Seeger, Pete. Where Have all the Flowers Gone. arlo. net. N. p. , 2003. Web. 15 July 2010. http://www. arlo. net/resources/lyrics/flowers-gone. shtml. Worley, Darryl. Have you Forgotten?. Lyrics007. N. p. , 2007. Web. 15 July 2010. http://www. lyrics007. com/Darryl%20Worley%20Lyrics/Have%20You%20Forgotten%20Lyrics. html.

Overview of the Olympics :: Sports History Athletics Essays

Overview of the Olympics The Olympic Games are an international sports competition. In the Olympics, athletes play in many types of games. Some athletes compete in the Summer Olympics. Some compete in the Summer Olympics. The Olympic Games are very old and have a very interesting history. The first Olympic Games were held in Greece in ancient times. They probably began in the sixth century B.C. The contests are held every four years in the summer. The first games lasted for only one day. There was only one contest. It was a short race. Only Greek men were allowed to run in the race. Women were not allowed to watch the games either, or to be anywhere near the gaming area. Other events were added later, swimming. But the ancient games were stopped in the fourth century, A.D., when Greece was ruled by Rome. The Olympics were started again in the nineteenth century, after Baron Pierre de Coubertin, a Frenchman, who later being recognized as the Father of Modern Olympics, suggested that it would be good to have the game again, but not just for Greek People. De Coubertin organized a meeting in 1894. Representatives from nine countries went to the meeting in Paris. They agreed to start the Olympic Games again in Athens, Greece, in 1896. The Olympic Games have been held every four years since 1896. Three times, the games were not held because of a world war. There were no games in 1916, 1940, and 1944. The first competition in modern times was held in Athens, but not all of the games have been held there. The Olympic Games are held in many different cities around the world. The 2008 Olympic will be held in Beijing, China. Baron de Coubertin also started a committee to run the Olympics. This committee is called the International Olympic Committee (IOC). It has offices in Lausanne, Switzerland. The Committee has made many decisions that affect the modern Olympics. In 1912, the Committee decided to allow women to compete. In 1924, a second group of games was begun. These new games were played in the winter of each Olympic year. The IOC also makes the rules for athletes in the Olympics. The events and games of the Olympics are of several different types. There are individual contests, where each athlete plays alone. To win this type of contests, one athlete must be better, faster, or stronger than other athletes.

A Raisin in the Sun What’s Up With the Epigraph? Essay

What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun? Or fester like a sore and then run? Does it stink like rotten meat? Or crust and sugar over like a syrupy sweet? Maybe it just sags like a heavy load. Or does it explode? Harlem by Langston Hughes. Lorraine Hansberry, playwright, author, and activist seemed to have gotten inspired by Hughes poem as well as her own life experiences and decided to write A Raisin in the Sun. A Raisin in the Sun is a play about an African American family living on the South Side of Chicago during the 1950s. In the play, Lorraine essentially focuses on the dreams of the characters and the obstacles in their life they try to overcome to fulfill them. Each member of the Youngster’s family has a dream he or her wants to accomplish. Lena Younger (Mama) has always dreamt of moving her family into a nice neighborhood with a big backyard so her children can play and she can attend to her garden. Mama is a strongly religious woman who takes care of her family like a mother should. She wants the best for them, Mama’s dream was not a dream she wanted for her family it was also what she and hate husband Big Walter always wanted. Big Walter worked extremely hard to provide and support for his family. So hard it resulted in his death as Mama says â€Å"he finally worked his self to death†. Since Big Walter’s passing Mama has received a life insurance check for ten thousand dollars. Taking to opportunity so that she can fulfill both her and Big Walter’s dream Mama decides to use that money to buy a house in an all-white neighborhood. Big Walter’s life insurance check cause a conflict within the family Ruth Younger dream is quite similar to Mamas. She wants to build a happy family for herself and believes getting away from their cramped apartment will do so. Ruth works very hard to take care of her family but with being overworked, financial problems, a downfall in her relationship with her husband, and an unexpected pregnancy Ruth can’t seem to find any sort of happiness in her life. That’s why she feels a new beginning will change all that. Beneatha Younger dream is to go to medical school to become a doctor. Beneatha is a better educated than the rest of her family and is determined to use her knowledge to make a difference. Throughout the play, it seems as though Beneatha is struggling to find herself. With the changes in hobbies such as horseback riding and playing the guitar also she’s struck an interest in learning more about her African heritage. She is determined to be more than the others around her. Living in a time where women jobs are mostly cooking, cleaning. Walter Lee Jr. the dream is to invest in a liquor store so that he’s able to provide for his family. Walter is not so happy with his dead-end job as a chauffeur and feels this investment will help him make his own money so he can become his own man. Everyone tries to warn Walter that investing into a liquor store is not such a bright idea Throughout the play, A Raisin on Sun

Food safety Essay

However, according to Unit 04 – Communication of Health & Consumers Directorate-General of the European Commission (SANCO): â€Å"The Codex, while being recommendations for voluntary application by members, Codex standards serve in many cases as a basis for national legislation. The reference made to Codex food safety standards in the World Trade Organizations’ Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary measures (SPS Agreement) means that Codex has far reaching implications for resolving trade disputes. WTO members that wish to apply stricter food safety measures than those set by Codex may be required to justify these measures scientifically. † So, an agreement made in 2003, signed by all member states, inclusive all EU, in the codex Stan Codex 240 – 2003 for coconut milk, sulphite containing additives like E223 and E 224 are allowed till 30 mg/kg, does NOT mean, they are allowed into the EU, see RASFF entries from Denmark: 2012. 0834; 2011. 1848; en 2011. 168, â€Å"sulphite unauthorised in coconut milk from Thailand â€Å". Same for polysorbate E 435: see 2012. 0838 from Denmark, unauthorised polysorbates in coconut milk and, 2007. AIC from France. Only for the latter the EU amended its regulations with (EU) No 583/2012 per 2 July 2012 to allow this additive, already used for decades and absolutely necessary. Australia[edit]Food Standards Australia New Zealand is working toward ensuring that all food businesses implement food safety systems to ensure food is safe to consume in a bid to halt the increasing incidence of food poisoning, this includes basic food safety training for at least one person in each business. Smart business operators know that basic food safety training improves the bottom line, staff take more pride in their work; there is less waste; and customers can have more confidence in the food they consume. Food Safety training in units of competence from a relevant training package, must be delivered by a Registered Training Organization (RTO) to enable staff to be issued with a nationally recognised unit of competency code on their certificate. Generally this training can be completed in less than one day. Training options are available to suit the needs of everyone. Training may be carried out in-house for a group, in a public class, via correspondence or online. Basic food safety training includes: Understanding the hazards associated with the main types of food and the conditions to prevent the growth of bacteria which can cause food poisoning and to prevent illness The problems associated with product packaging such as leaks in vacuum packs, damage to packaging or pest infestation, as well as problems and diseases spread by pests. Safe food handling. This includes safe procedures for each process such as receiving, re-packing, food storage, preparation and cooking, cooling and re-heating, displaying products, handling products when serving customers, packaging, cleaning and sanitizing, pest control, transport and delivery. Also the causes of cross contamination. Catering for customers who are particularly at risk of food-borne illness, including allergies and intolerance. Correct cleaning and sanitizing procedures, cleaning products and their correct use, and the storage of cleaning items such as brushes, mops and cloths. Personal hygiene, hand washing, illness, and protective clothing. People responsible for serving unsafe food can be liable for heavy fines under this new legislation, consumers are pleased that industry will be forced to take food safety seriously. China[edit]Main article: Food safety in the People’s Republic of China Food safety is a growing concern in Chinese agriculture. The Chinese government oversees agricultural production as well as the manufacture of food packaging, containers, chemical additives, drug production, and business regulation. In recent years, the Chinese government attempted to consolidate food regulation with the creation of the State Food and Drug Administration in 2003, and officials have also been under increasing public and international pressure to solve food safety problems. However, it appears that regulations are not well known by the trade. Labels used for â€Å"green† food, â€Å"organic† food and â€Å"pollution-free† food are not well recognized by traders and many are unclear about their meaning. A survey by the World Bank found that supermarket managers had difficulty in obtaining produce that met safety requirements and found that a high percentage of produce did not comply with established standards. [6] Traditional marketing systems, whether in China or the rest of Asia, presently provide little motivation or incentive for individual farmers to make improvements to either quality or safety as their produce tends to get grouped together with standard products as it progresses through the marketing channel. Direct linkages between farmer groups and traders or ultimate buyers, such as supermarkets, can help avoid this problem. Governments need to improve the condition of many markets through upgrading management and reinvesting market fees in physical infrastructure. Wholesale markets need to investigate the feasibility of developing separate sections to handle fruits and vegetables that meet defined safety and quality standards. [7] European Union[edit]The parliament of the European Union (EU) makes legislation in the form of directives and regulations, many of which are mandatory for member states and which therefore must be incorporated into individual countries’ national legislation. As a very large organisation that exists to remove barriers to trade between member states, and into which individual member states have only a proportional influence, the outcome is often seen as an excessively bureaucratic ‘one size fits all’ approach. However, in relation to food safety the tendency to err on the side of maximum protection for the consumer may be seen as a positive benefit. The EU parliament is informed on food safety matters by the European Food Safety Authority. Individual member states may also have other legislation and controls in respect of food safety, provided that they do not prevent trade with other states, and can differ considerably in their internal structures and approaches to the regulatory control of food safety. France[edit]Agence nationale de securite sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (anses) is a French governmental agency dealing with food safety. Germany[edit]The Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer. Protection (BMELV)[8] is a Federal Ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany. History: Founded as Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Foresting in 1949, this name did not change until 2001. Then the name changed to Federal Ministry of Consumer Protection, Food and Agriculture. At the 22nd of November 2005, the name got changed again to its current state: Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection. The reason for this last change was that all the resorts should get equal ranking which was achieved by sorting the resorts alphabetically. Vision: A balanced and healthy diet with safe food, distinct consumer rights and consumer information for various areas of life, and a strong and sustainable agriculture as well as perspectives for our rural areas are important goals of the Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection (BMELV). The Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety is under the control of the Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection. It exercises several duties, with which it contributes to safer food and thereby intensifies health-based consumer protection in Germany. Food can be manufactured and sold within Germany without a special permission, as long as it does not cause any damage on consumers’ health and meets the general standards set by the legislation. However, manufacturers, carriers, importers and retailers are responsible for the food they pass into circulation. They are obliged to ensure and document the safety and quality of their food with the use of in-house control mechanisms. Hong Kong[edit]In Hong Kong SAR, the Centre for Food Safety is in charge of ensuring food sold is safe and fit for consumption. India[edit]Food Safety and Standards Authority of India, established under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006, is the regulating body related to food safety and laying down of standards of food in India. New Zealand[edit]See also: Food safety in New Zealand The New Zealand Food Safety Authority (NZFSA), or Te Pou Oranga Kai O Aotearoa is the New Zealand government body responsible for food safety. NZFSA is also the controlling authority for imports and exports of food and food-related products. The NZFSA as of 2012 is now a division of the Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI) and is no longer its own organization. Pakistan[edit]Pakistan does not have an integrated legal framework but has a set of laws, which deals with various aspects of food safety. These laws, despite the fact that they were enacted long time ago, have tremendous capacity to achieve at least minimum level of food safety. However, like many other laws, these laws remain very poorly enforced. There are four laws that specifically deal with food safety. Three of these laws directly focus issues related to food safety, while the fourth, the Pakistan Standards and Quality Control Authority Act, is indirectly relevant to food safety. The Pure Food Ordinance 1960 consolidates and amends the law in relation to the preparation and the sale of foods. All provinces and some northern areas have adopted this law with certain amendments. Its aim is to ensure purity of food being supplied to people in the market and, therefore, provides for preventing adulteration. The Pure Food Ordinance 1960 does not apply to cantonment areas. There is a separate law for cantonments called â€Å"The Cantonment Pure Food Act, 1966†. There is no substantial difference between the Pure Food Ordinance 1960 and The Cantonment Pure Food Act. Even the rules of operation are very much similar. Pakistan Hotels and Restaurant Act, 1976 applies to all hotels and restaurants in Pakistan and seeks to control and regulate the rates and standard of service(s) by hotels and restaurants. In addition to other provisions, under section 22(2), the sale of food or beverages that are contaminated, not prepared hygienically or served in utensils that are not hygienic or clean is an offense. There are no express provisions for consumer complaints in the Pakistan Restaurants Act, 1976, Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 and Pakistan Standards and Quality Control Authority Act, 1996. The laws do not prevent citizens from lodging complaints with the concerned government officials; however, the consideration and handling of complaints is a matter of discretion of the officials. [9] South Korea[edit]Korea Food & Drug Administration[edit]Korea Food & Drug Administration (KFDA)[10] is working for food safety since 1945. It is part of the Government of South Korea. IOAS[11]-Organic Certification Bodies Registered in KFDA: â€Å"Organic† or related claims can be labelled on food products when organic certificates are considered as valid by KFDA. KFDA admits organic certificates which can be issued by 1) IFOAM (International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movement) accredited certification bodies 2) Government accredited certification bodies – 328 bodies in 29 countries have been registered in KFDA. Food Import Report: According to Food Import Report,[12] it is supposed to report or register what you import. Competent authority is as follows: Product.